Infant care costs at least 10% of a family's annual income in nearly all states

New Mexico had the highest proportion of income spent on infant care, according to a new study

A new report finds that child care costs for full-time center-based care for one infant costs at least 10% of a median family's annual income in nearly every state, according to a study by Bankrate.

Child care has become one of the biggest expenses in household budgets around the U.S., with infant care costs topping 10% of the median family income in 48 states and the District of Columbia in 2023, Bankrate found.

"Child care is an enormous expense for families no matter where they live in the country," said Bankrate analyst Alex Gailey. "That makes budgeting and family financial planning all the more important. In addition to meticulous budgeting and tracking monthly expenses, families should check with their county or state offices for family services to get educated on what services, tax breaks or financing opportunities are available for child care."

New Mexico was the state where infant care was the least affordable, costing 20.5% of the median family income, or about $13,521 in a year out of an income of $65,952. It was followed by Hawaii (20.1%), New York (19.6%), California (18.7%) and Massachusetts (18.4%) in the ranks of the least affordable states for infant care, according to Bankrate's study.

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Child care center

Full-time infant care costs at centers top 10% of the median household income in 48 states plus the District of Columbia, Bankrate's study found. (Photo by Anne Cusack/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images / Getty Images)

"Despite being ranked No. 1 for the least affordable, New Mexico is one of the few states that has tried to make child care more accessible for families through policy reform," Gailey noted in reference to the state's expansion of a child care subsidy program.

States where infant care was the most affordable were South Dakota (8.7% of median family income), North Dakota (9.8%), Utah (10.3%), Idaho (10.9%) and South Carolina (11.2%). 

Despite those states having relatively affordable child care, the study noted that a report by ReadyNation found that aside from North Dakota, each of those four states have higher concentrations of "child care deserts" where it's harder to find child care that suits their budget needs.

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kids and piggy bank

Child care expenses on average trail only housing costs in terms of the most costly budget items for households. (iStock / iStock)

Bankrate's analysis found that the costs of day care and preschool have risen 1.59 times faster than overall inflation since the beginning of 1991.

In comparison to other common household expenses, care for one infant costs $14,070 on average, which is more than a household's average annual budget for food ($9,985 per year), health care ($6,159) and transportation ($13,174).

The only budget item that costs households more than child care on average is housing expenses, which have an average cost of $25,436 per year.

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