Why You Shouldn't Dip Into Your 401(k)
Dear Dave,
Is it a good idea for a married couple in their early thirties, who have a lot of student loan debt, to cash out one of their 401(k)s to pay it off?
-Marcy
Dear Marcy,
No way! You never cash out a 401(k) or IRA to pay off debt, unless it’s to avoid a foreclosure or bankruptcy. Let’s say you take $50,000 out of your 401(k). Do you know what happens next? They’re going to charge you a 10% penalty, plus your tax rate. If you make $75,000 a year, that puts you in a 25% tax rate, plus the penalty. That’s a 35% hit, and that’s how much of your money is going straight down the toilet.
Look at it this way. You wouldn’t ask me if it’s okay to borrow money at a 35% interest rate to pay off your school loans, right? That would be ridiculous, and this is just as dumb.
There are no shortcuts when it comes to getting out of debt, Marcy. Roll up your sleeves and get on a beans and rice budget where every dollar has a name. This will enable you to save money and pay off that debt!
- Dave
Dear Dave,
My wife and I have our fully funded emergency fund in place, and we’re debt-free, except for the house. She wants to return to school to get a master’s degree and change careers. She’ll be reimbursed up to $7,000 a year. Can we use some of our emergency fund to get things started?
-Kevin
Dear Kevin,
I’ve got a better idea. Save up the money!
You guys are in great shape already. And to me, this opportunity seems like a small investment with a fabulous return. I really like the idea. But you have to be careful when it comes to things like this. You don’t want to get into the habit of calling things emergencies when they’re not emergencies. It’s a great thing, but it’s nowhere near an emergency.
I know she’s excited about the possibilities, but I’d just roll up my sleeves, save a little extra for a while and cash flow the classes. She’ll probably get reimbursed for the first classes right after she gets her grades, then you can use the reimbursement check to pay for the next classes, and the next check the next classes. Make sense?
I love the school idea, and I’m glad your wife has such a great opportunity. But I don’t want you to take a chance on messing up the progress you’ve made in taking control of your finances. Just take your time and save for those first classes. You’ll be glad you did!
—Dave
*Dave Ramsey is America’s trusted voice on money and business. He’s authored four New York Times best-selling books: Financial Peace, More Than Enough, The Total Money Makeover and EntreLeadership. The Dave Ramsey Show is heard by more than 5 million listeners each week on more than 500 radio stations. Follow Dave on Twitter at @DaveRamsey and on the web at daveramsey.com.